HTML5 Form

novalidate attribute is used in form tag to disable HTML5 based Form validation. After using novalidate in form tag, required and type based validation will not work. We need to use javascript form validation after using novalidate attribute

Form without novalidate

<form>        
    <label>Name: <input type="text" required></label>
    <input type="submit"> 
</form>
            

Form with novalidate

<form novalidate>        
    <label>Name: <input type="text" required></label>
    <input type="submit"> 
</form>
            

autofocus attribute focus on a single form control on page load. autofocus can be used only once in a single webpage. Make sure autofocus element is visible on viewport on page load.

     
<label>Search: <input type="search" autofocus></label>

            

placeholder attribute shows some hint in input control. Placeholder value will disappear on focus or keypress. Supported controls for placeholder are input controls and textarea. The default color of placeholder is lightgray, i.e (#999).

Placeholder in input

<label>Name: <input type="text" placeholder="Enter Name"></label>        
            

Placeholder in textarea

<label>Query: <textarea placeholder="Query"><textarea></label>       
            

autocomplete attribute can show or hide browser cache. Default value of autocomplete is on. But autocomplete off can disable browser cache.

We can use autocomplete on inputs, textarea and form tag.

autocomplete values

• on ( Default)
• off

            
<label>Name: <input type="text" placeholder="Enter Name"></label>

<label>Name: <input type="text" placeholder="Enter Name" autocomplete="off"></label>
            

required attribute is a boolean attribute used to add validation in form controls like inputs, textarea, radio controls, checkbox and select dropdown. With required, a blank form control cannot submit data.

Required in input

<form>            
<label>Name: <input type="text" placeholder="Enter Name" required><label>
</form>    
            

required in checkbox

<form>            
<label>Terms <input type="checkbox" required></label>    
</form>    
            

required in radio buttons

<form>            
<label><input type="radio" name="gender" required> Male</label>      
<label><input type="radio" name="gender" required> Female</label> 
</form>    
            

required in select dropdown

<form>            
<select aria-label="City" required>
<option value="" selected disabled>--Choose City--</option>
<option>New Delhi</option>
<option>Chennai</option>
<option>Mumbai</option>
<option>Kolkata</option>
</select>
</form>    
            

A control with readonly attribute is on readable by user, but unlike disable, it can send data to web server. disable cannot send data to server.

<label>Country: <input type="text" value="India" readonly></label>        
            

list attribute is used to link a datalist tag with input control. The value of datalist is shown as hint on keyup.

<label><input aria-label="City Name" type="text" placeholder="Enter City Name" list="cities" required></label>

<datalist id="cities">
    <option>New Delhi</option>
    <option>Chennai</option>
    <option>Kolkata</option>
    <option>Mumbai</option>
</datalist>        
            

input type number is used to insert only numbers from user. For example age, number etc. min and max attributes are also used with input type number. step can increase step value, default step value is 1.

input type number can change keyboard layout on smartphones like Android and Iphone.

<form>            
    <input type="number" placeholder="Enter any number" required>  
          
    <input type="number" placeholder="Enter Age" required min="1" max="90"> 
           
    <input type="number" placeholder="Enter Even No" min="2" max="100" step="2" required>
    
    <input type="number" placeholder="Choose a no" min="1" max="5" step="0.1" required>
</form>    
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type email is used get email id from user. Default pattern for email id is n@n where n is any string,
i.e. a string character, followed by @, and again one more string.

<form>            
<label><input type="email" placeholder="Enter Email" required></label> 
</form>
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type tel is used get insert a telephone no ( Landline, mobile or virtual) from user. There is no build in pattern for phone numbers. We can use country specific patterns for validations.

    <input type="tel" placeholder="Enter Phone No" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type search is used to for search box only. It looks similar to input type text but with a optional cross button on right in some browsers.

    <input type="search" placeholder="Search Here" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type url is used to input a website url or a link. A URL must starts with protocol ( HTTP or HTTPS). For example, a website, linkedin profile link, github profile link etc.

    <input type="url" placeholder="Enter Website" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type date is used choose a valid date from user. Chrome, Edge, opera, Firefox, Safari, Android and IOS browsers also shows datepicker calender in input type date, but IE browser doesn't support datepicker calender yet.

<input type="date" required>  
            

Input Type date with min and max

<input type="date" min="2024-01-01" max="2024-12-31" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type month is used choose a valid month from user. Chrome, Edge, opera, android and ios also shows datepicker.

    <input type="month"  required>  
            

input type month with min and max

    <input type="month" min="2024-01" max="2024-12" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type week is used choose a valid week number from user. Chrome, Edge, opera, android and ios also shows datepicker with week no.

    <input type="week"  required>  
            

input type week with min and max

    <input type="week" min="2024-W01" max="2024-W52" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type time is used choose a valid time from user in 12 hours format.

    <input type="time" required>  
            

input type time with min and max

    <input type="time" min="08:00" max="18:00" required>  
            

input type time with step

    <input type="time" step="900" required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS

input type datetime-local is used choose a valid date and time from user in 12 hours format.

    <input type="datetime-local" required>  
            

input type datetime-local with min and max

    <input type="datetime-local" min="2024-01-01T10:00" max="2024-12-31T23:59"  required>  
            

Keyboard Layout on Android and IOS